Nuremberg Trials Essays - International Criminal Law, War Crimes

Nuremberg Trials After World War II, numerous war-crimes trials tried and convicted many Axis leaders. Judges from Great Britain, France, the Soviet Union, and the United States tried twenty-two Nazi leaders for: crimes against humanity (mostly about the Holocaust), violating long-established rules of war, and waging aggressive war. This was known as the ?Nuremberg Trials.? Late in 1946, the German defendants were indicted and arraigned before a war crimes tribunal at Nuremberg. Twenty of the defendants were physicians who, as governmental, military, or SS officials, stood at or near the top of the medical hierarchy of the Third Reich. The other three occupied administrative positions which brought them into close connection with medical affairs. It all started when people started hearing about the Nazi's in human acts, just about four months after World War II started. No one would believe that such a thing would happen. While the people were thinking like that the Jews were being shipped out of the country. Some of them were put in working camps or at a person's farm. This was the beginning of the Final Solution of the German's Problem (the Holocaust). On August 8 the Four Power nation signed the London Agreement. They later named it the International Military Tribunal (IMT), it had 8 judges, one judge and one alternate. This was made so that they would try to stop the Nazi crimes (Rice Jr. 81). They had supplementary Nuremberg hearings that were broken down into twelve trials. In connection with these trials, the U.S. military tribunals had thirty-five defendants and released nineteen of them because they could find anything to get them on (Rice Jr. 76). They made Nuremberg Laws because of Hitler's concentration camps and his other inhuman acts (Rice Jr. 31). He didn't go by the lead system, he made himself the Supreme Judge. Hitler could imprison or execute anyone he wanted to. He made laws keeping Jews out of certain public places or jobs. He wouldn't let Jews have German citizenship. The Nuremberg Laws stated that there would be no more inhuman acts or segregation of Jews. One of the positive sides of the Nuremberg incident was the trials documented Nazi crimes for posterity. Many citizens of the world remember hearing about the Nazi's brutalities and inhuman acts (Rice Jr., 5). Hundreds of official Nazi documents entered into evidence at Nuremberg tell the horrible tale of the Third Reich in the Nazi's own words. Six million Jews, and others not liked by the Nazis were killed. Not one convicted Nazi denied that the mass killing had occurred. Each disclaimed only personal knowledge and responsibility. The negative things that happened at Nuremberg were the establishment of the I.M.T. has yet to le ad to a permanent counterpart before which crimes against humanity can be tried. Twenty-four wars between nations and ninety-three civil wars or insurgencies between 1945 and 1992, no international body had been convened to try aggressor nations or individuals accused of war crimes. To prosecute and punish aggression rest still on the wavering will of an international community ever reluctant to impose sanctions on offending governments (Rice Jr. 100). Despite the reluctance of nations to unite in common cause and move swiftly toward a lasting road to aggression, hope yes abides for the best of Nuremberg's brightest promise. The world had a problem of what to do about the Nazi regime that had presided over the extermination of some six million Jews and deaths of millions of others with no basis in military necessity. Never before in history had the victors tried the vanquished for crimes committed during a war (Rice Jr., 97). Yet never in history had the vanquished perpetrated crime s of such inhumanity. The I.M.T., like the courts in many countries, have held to the principle that persons committing a criminal violation of international law are responsible for violation, on the grounds that crimes of this nature are the result of their own acts (Rice 1492). The tribunal thought for crimes carried out on orders from above, since many of the crimes had been committed in one with the Reich policy (Rice 1493). The portion of the I.M.T. judgment dealing with war crimes and crimes against humanity committed by

Free Essays on Tell Tale Heart

Critical Analysis on Poe’s The Tell Tale Heart The Tell Tale Heart looks in depth at the actions taken by a mad man and the reasons behind them. The narrator has grown disgusted by the old man’s cataract eye and decides that he must get rid of it in order to live in harmony. However, there is another major conflict in the story questioning the man’s sanity. By claiming more than once in the story why he isn’t mad, he is basically revealing how sick he really is. In a strange humor, the story describes a man who thinks he’s perfectly fine, while calmly explaining the murder of an old man with a cataract eye. The biggest conflict in Poe’s short story is simple; the main character is insane. He will not be satisfied until his problem is gone. Unfortunately, this means someone must die. The narrator’s madness is triggered by the old man’s cataract eye. It gradually wore on him until he could tolerate no more. The narrator states that the old man, â€Å"had never wronged me.† He claims that he loved the old man yet he made up his mind and decided that he must,† rid myself of the eye forever.† So there it is, the theme of the story right? Perhaps, but what about another conflict ? It seems as if the man is in denial. He doesn’t think that he’s mentally unstable. In fact, the narrator frequently explains why he is not mad. â€Å"The disease has simply sharpened my senses†¦not dulled them.† However he is crazy, and instead of explaining why he isn’t, he just further proved the fact that he is. He gets nervous and excited before telling the story, but he’s perfectly fine in the head. It doesn’t quite make sense to those who are actually sane. After describing the steps he took for the murder, the man once again claims he is not insane. â€Å"If you still think me mad, you will think so no longer when I describe the wise precautions I took for the concealment of the body.† To a normal person it seems more l... Free Essays on Tell Tale Heart Free Essays on Tell Tale Heart â€Å"THE TELL-TALE HEART† â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart† shows the precision of Edgar Allan Poe’s horror. In this book there is never any mention of the main characters name. The only title given is to the old man whom the mad-man kills. The book starts out with a man professing to the reader of how he is not truly a mad-man. He continues to say how no one as clever and intelligent as he was could be mad. After the brief introduction of his insanity, the mad-man continues his tirade on how the old man in his apartment complex has an evil eye that he can’t stand to look at. He begins to plot a murder for the old man. He explains again that he has nothing against the old man, it is just his eye that he can’t stand. Eventually, the mad-man begins to develop his plot against the old man. He begins sticking his head through the old man’s door at midnight and watching him. He takes a lantern and opens the light shade just enough to where he can get a direct ray of light on the man’s evil eye while he is sleeping. He does this for several nights to build up his confidence of his upcoming murder plans. He continues to profess his innocence of being a mad-man. He comments that a mad-man would not make this k! ind of well thought out plan. As he continues to carry out his preparatory plans for the murder, he grows bolder and bolder every time he sneaks into the old man’s room. However, as the time for his murder comes closer, he feels he can’t commit the murder unless he sees the man’s eye. He says that it is the eye he wants to kill, not the man. Finally, the mad-man sneaks into the man’s room, awakens him for a moment, the man becomes nervous and starts to think of what the noise was that he heard. As the man lays back down, the mad-man tells himself that it is time, so he makes a quick move toward the man that causes him to sit up alert, the mad man jumps on him and suffocates him with his bed. The man wa... Free Essays on Tell Tale Heart Critical Analysis on Poe’s The Tell Tale Heart The Tell Tale Heart looks in depth at the actions taken by a mad man and the reasons behind them. The narrator has grown disgusted by the old man’s cataract eye and decides that he must get rid of it in order to live in harmony. However, there is another major conflict in the story questioning the man’s sanity. By claiming more than once in the story why he isn’t mad, he is basically revealing how sick he really is. In a strange humor, the story describes a man who thinks he’s perfectly fine, while calmly explaining the murder of an old man with a cataract eye. The biggest conflict in Poe’s short story is simple; the main character is insane. He will not be satisfied until his problem is gone. Unfortunately, this means someone must die. The narrator’s madness is triggered by the old man’s cataract eye. It gradually wore on him until he could tolerate no more. The narrator states that the old man, â€Å"had never wronged me.† He claims that he loved the old man yet he made up his mind and decided that he must,† rid myself of the eye forever.† So there it is, the theme of the story right? Perhaps, but what about another conflict ? It seems as if the man is in denial. He doesn’t think that he’s mentally unstable. In fact, the narrator frequently explains why he is not mad. â€Å"The disease has simply sharpened my senses†¦not dulled them.† However he is crazy, and instead of explaining why he isn’t, he just further proved the fact that he is. He gets nervous and excited before telling the story, but he’s perfectly fine in the head. It doesn’t quite make sense to those who are actually sane. After describing the steps he took for the murder, the man once again claims he is not insane. â€Å"If you still think me mad, you will think so no longer when I describe the wise precautions I took for the concealment of the body.† To a normal person it seems more l...